In this paper, a higher-order Timoshenko beam element is developed and employed in studying free vibration of 2-D FGM Timoshenko beams. The material properties of the beams are considered to vary in both the thickness and longitudinal directions by a power-law distribution. Based on Timoshenko beam theory, equations of motion are derived from Hamilton’s principle and they are solved by a finite element procedure based on the developed beam element. | Free vibration of two-directional fgm beams using a higher-order timoshenko beam element
