On the TOEFL iBT, the first section of the test, Reading, features longer readings and new question types. In the first section of this book, Guide to Reading, you'll work with extended readings similar to those on the test and learn about new item types. | Lesson 1 Factual and Negative Factual Questions 47 40. Who objected to the way that the Connecticut legislature initially decided to spend its funds O Farmers O Students O Senators O Teachers 41. According to the passage one effect of the Hatch Act was to O create more land-grant schools O provide advisors for farmers O strengthen engineering programs O establish agricultural research stations 42. Today most land-grant colleges O no longer offer courses in agriculture and engineering O offer a wider variety of courses O now emphasize research more than teaching O no longer have an important role in . education 43. How many land-grant schools are in operation at present Reading O O o o 5 20 50 105 Lesson 2 Vocabulary Questions Vocabulary questions ask about the meaning of words or phrases in the passage. You have to decide which of four words or phrases is closest in meaning to the word from the passage. Most vocabulary questions ask about single words usually nouns verbs or adjectives . Some ask about phrases involving several words. There will generally be two to four vocabulary questions about each of the three passages six to ten per Reading Section . You can often use other words in the same sentence or in nearby sentences as clues to get an idea of the meaning of the expression you are being asked about. These surrounding words are called the context. Synonyms The first state to institute compulsory education was Massachusetts which made it mandatory for students to attend school twelve weeks a year. The word mandatory is a synonym for the word compulsory. If it is mandatory to attend school twelve weeks a year then compulsory education must mean mandatory required necessary. Examples Many gardeners use some kind of mulch such as chopped leaves peat moss grass clippings pine needles or wood chips in order to stop the growth of weeds and to hold in water. From all the examples given it is clear that mulch means material from plants. Contrast In the 1820 s .
