bạn biết làm thế nào mà hệ thống bị phá vỡ Một ngày nọ, sau nhiều năm chiến đấu, quân đội nước ngoài tới Đức. họ đã cố gắng để bảo vệ chính phủ chỉ đạo hệ thống kinh tế, nhưng sự tàn bạo của Hitler sẽ trượt trở lại vào nó trong quá trình lý luận của họ. | SPREAD-THE-WORK SCHEMES workers will themselves now individually receive only three-fourths as many dollars a week as previously. It is true that the old workers will now work fewer hours but this purchase of more leisure at a high price is presumably not a decision they have made for its own sake it is a sacrifice made to provide others with jobs. The labor union leaders who demand shorter weeks to spread the work usually recognize this and therefore they put the proposal forward in a form in which everyone is supposed to eat his cake and have it too. Reduce the working week from forty hours to thirty they tell US to provide more jobs but compensate for the shorter week by increasing the hourly rate of pay by 33 3 per cent. The workers employed say were previously getting an average of 40 a week for forty hours work in order that they may still get 40 for only thirty hours work the hourly rate of pay must be advanced to an average of 1 331 3. What would be the consequences of such a plan The first and most obvious consequence would be to raise costs of production. If we assume that the workers when previously employed for forty hours were getting less than the level of production costs prices and profits made possible then they could have got the hourly increase without reducing the length of the working week. They could in other words have worked the same number of hours and got their total weekly incomes increased by one-third instead of merely getting as they are under the new thirty-hour week the same weekly income as before. But if under the forty-hour week the workers were already getting as high a wage as the level of production costs and prices made possible and the very unemployment they are trying to cure may be a sign that they were already getting even more than this then 53 ECONOMICS IN ONE LESSON the increase in production costs as a result of the 33 b per cent increase in hourly wage rates will be much greater than the existing state of prices .
