hẹp động mạch thận, tất cả sau là đúng sự thật, ngoại trừ một nguyên nhân phổ biến nhất là atheromatous thu hẹp. b-Nếu nghi ngờ khi huyết áp nặng hoặc khởi phát nhanh hoặc khó kiểm soát. c-Fibromuscular loạn sản như là nguyên nhân là thường dân trong các nhóm tuổi trẻ | Q30 Renal artery stenosis all of the followings are true except a- The commonest cause is atheromatous narrowing. b- Should suspected when the blood pressure is severe or of rapid onset or difficult to control. c- Fibromuscular dysplasia as a cause is commoner in the young age groups. d- Fibromuscular dysplasia usually does not cause complete occlusion and usually stabilizes once the patient stops growing. e- Surgical treatment is superior to medical treatment or angioplasty. Q31 In Alport s syndrome all of the followings are true except a- The second commonest inherited cause of renal disease. b- Usually autosomal recessive. c- Bilateral anterior lenticonus is the usual eye manifestation. d- Sensory neural deafness usually to high tones first. e- The pathological hallmark is progressive degeneration of the glomerular basement membrane Q32 In adult polycystic kidney disease all of the followings are true except a- 85 of cases are due to mutations in PKD1 gene on chromosome 16. b- Mitral and or aortic regurgitations are frequent but rarely severe. c- 30 have an associated hepatic cysts but disturbances in hepatic function is very rare. d- 90 will develop subarachnoid hemorrhage. e- Colonic diverticulae and abdominal wall hernias are well recognized associations. Q33 In adult poly cystic kidney disease all of the followings are true except a- The mean age for those who are heterozygous for PKD1 mutation to start dialysis is 57 years. b- 50 of patients will never need chronic dialysis. c- To screen a patient s relative renal ultrasound as a screening method is less reliable in the 10-18 years age group. d- Urinary tract Infections should be treated aggressively. e- All patients will develop hypertension. Q34 In medullary sponge kidney all of the followings are true except a- It is sporadic not genetic. b- Has a characteristic picture on intravenous urography. c- The cysts are confined to the proximal tubules. d- The prognosis is generally good. e- Nephrocalcinosis may
