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Digital histology an interactive cd atlas with review text phần 6

Z-dòng mô mao mạch liên kết cơ trơn tự trị hạch nhỏ ruột bên trong lớp tròn của lớp cơ trơn theo chiều dọc bên ngoài của cơ trơn niêm mạc tập sách nhỏ cơ trơn cơ trơn sợi Nucleus Sarcolemma trục chính hình dạng tế bào tế bào thần kinh tự trị | 12. Digestive System 117 Cells show polarity with basal RER and apical secretory granules. Duct system Ducts begin as centroacinar cells located within the acini. Intercalated ducts are lined with simple cuboidal epithelium. Centroacinar cells and cells of the intercalated ducts secrete bicarbonates to neutralize the acidity of the stomach contents chyme entering the duodenum. Striated ducts are not present. Interlobular ducts lead into one or more excretory ducts that empty into the duodenum. Resembles the parotid gland except the pancreas has centroacinar cells and fewer ducts. Secretion is regulated by cholecystokinin and secretin from enteroendocrine cells in the small intestine. Endocrine pancreas islets of Langerhans Small clusters of cells richly supplied by fenestrated capillaries are scattered throughout the exocrine pancreas these clusters show no orderly arrangement of secretory cells within the cluster. Predominate cell types and secretions A cell alpha cell . Secretes glucagon which elevates glucose levels in the blood B cell beta cell . Secretes insulin which lowers blood glucose levels predominant cell type D cell delta cell . Secretes somatostatin which modulates release of the other two major hormones Individual cell types cannot be distinguished with hematoxylin and eosin. Liver Overview Located in right upper quadrant of abdominal cavity under the diaphragm Both an exocrine and an endocrine gland Exocrine secretion bile is stored in the gall bladder and released into the duodenum. This secretory product contains bile acids that aid in the emulsification of lipids bilirubin the breakdown product of hemoglobin phospholipids and cholesterol. 118 Digital Histology Endocrine function is the synthesis of plasma proteins including albumin clotting factors and lipoproteins that are released into the liver sinusoids. Additional functions include the metabolization of digested food storage of glucose as glycogen and detoxification. Cytoarchitecture of the