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Indoor Environmental Quality - Chapter 6

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Chất gây ô nhiễm sinh học - mốc Chất gây ô nhiễm sinh học đã được mô tả trong Chương 5 trong bối cảnh của hội chứng bệnh tật và nguy cơ bệnh liên quan đến tiếp xúc với sinh vật trong không khí và các sản phẩm có nguồn gốc sinh học. Thảo luận về các vi khuẩn và virus trong không khí trong bối cảnh vai trò của họ trong việc gây ra bệnh truyền nhiễm và có khả năng đóng góp vào các vấn đề khác; ve, côn trùng và các chất gây dị ứng động vật, trong. | chapter six Biological contaminants mold Biological contaminants were described in Chapter 5 in the context of illness syndromes and disease risks associated with exposure to airborne organisms and products of biological origin. Discussion of airborne bacteria and viruses was in the context of their role in causing infectious disease and potentially contributing to other problems mites insects and animal allergens in the context of causing chronic allergic rhinitis and asthma. Because mold is such a significant indoor environment concern this chapter is devoted to mold-related health concerns and risk factors for mold infestation. I. Biology of mold The terms mold and mildew are commonly used to describe the visible manifestations of the growth of a large number of organisms that are scientifically classified as fungi. Terms such as yeast and mushrooms are used to describe respectively single-celled fungi widely used for baking and brewing and the large reproductive structures of a major class of fungi that are used for food or are known for their high toxicity. Fungi form true nuclei which distinguishes them from lower organisms such as bacteria. They differ from plants in that they do not produce chlorophyll and thus cannot manufacture their own food from animals in that except for reproductive cells in some species they are not motile. Structurally fungi exist as masses of threadlike filaments or hyphae. The collective mass of hyphal filaments is described as mycelium the vegetative part of the organism that infests a substrate and extracts food for the organism s growth. Though hyphal filaments are microscopic the mycelium is typically visible to the naked eye. Masses of mycelia can be distinguished as fungal colonies Figure 6.1 . In many species the hyphae are colorless in other species they contain pigments. 2001 by CRC Press LLC Figure 6.1 Fungal colonies. A. Reproduction Specialized reproductive structures develop in the life history of all fungal species.