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Applied Surgical Physiology Vivas - part 8

Chức năng nguyên tắc của ống lượn gần phức tạp (PCT) là gì? Cấu trúc này là trang web chính của thận tái hấp thu chất tan trong thực tế, 70% chất tan lọc được tái hấp thu tại Hiệp ước PCT. 2. Những loại chất tan? Điều quan trọng nhất là các ion natri, clorua và kali. Ngoài ra, gần như tất cả glucose và axit amino lọc của cầu thận | APPLIED SURGICAL PHYSIOLOGY VIVAS PROXIMAL TUBULE AND LOOP OF HENLE 1. What is the principle function of the proximal convoluted tubule PCT This structure is the kidney s major site for reabsorption of solutes - in fact 70 of filtered solutes are reabsorbed at the PCT. 2. What kinds of solute The most important are sodium chloride and potassium ions. In addition nearly all of the glucose and amino acids filtered by the glomerulus are reabsorbed here. The first half of the PCT also absorbs phosphate and lactate. 3. Which membrane pump system is key to the PCT reabsorptive abilities The Na -K ATPase pump. 4. What are the basic functions of the loop of Henle Solute reabsorption about 20 of filtered sodium chloride and potassium ions are absorbed in the thick ascending limb of Henle Water reabsorption about 20 of filtered water is absorbed at the thin descending limb of Henle Formation of the counter current multiplication system this is an efficient way of concentrating the urine over a relatively short distance along the nephron with minimal energy expenditure 5. Why there is no water reabsorption at the ascending limb of Henle This portion of the loop of Henle is impermeable to water. P PROXIMAL TUBULE AND LOOP OF HENLE 121 APPLIED SURGICAL PHYSIOLOGY VIVAS P PROXIMAL TUBULE AND LOOP OF HENLE 6. What is the basic function of the DCT and collecting duct Reabsorption of solute about 12 of filtered sodium and potassium are absorbed here Secretion variable amounts of potassium and protons are secreted here Reabsorption of water this occurs only at the most distal portions of the DCT and collecting duct since the more proximal areas are impermeable to water 7. What is one of the most important factors regulating the reabsorption of solutes and water across the PCT and loop of Henle The Starling forces see Microcirculation I . 8. Which hormone plays a central role in the control of water excretion ADH also known as arginine vasopressin . 9. Where is this hormone produced