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Lake Trout Ecosystems in a Changing Environment - Chapter 10

Có tính axit lắng đọng ở miền đông bắc Hoa Kỳ: nguồn và đầu vào, ảnh hưởng hệ sinh thái, và chiến lược quản lý * * Thay đổi từ Driscoll et al. Năm 2001. Có tính axit lắng đọng ở miền đông bắc Hoa Kỳ: nguồn và đầu vào, ảnh hưởng hệ sinh thái, và chiến lược quản lý. BioScience 51 (3): 180-198. | chapter ten Acidic deposition in the northeastern United States sources and inputs ecosystem effects and management strategies Charles T. Driscoll Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Syracuse University Gregory B. Lawrence Water Resources U.S. Geological Survey Arthur J. Bulger University of Virginia Thomas J. Butler Center for the Environment Cornell University Christopher S. Cronan Department of Biological Sciences University of Maine Christopher Eagar USDA Forest Service Kathleen F. Lambert Hubbard Brook Research Foundation Gene E. Likens Institute of Ecosystem Studies Millbrook John L. Stoddard United States Environmental Protection Agency Kathleen C. Weathers Institute of Ecosystem Studies Millbrook Modified from Driscoll et al. 2001. Acidic Deposition in the northeastern United States sources and inputs ecosystem effects and management strategies. BioScience 51 3 180-198. Copyright American Institute of Biological Sciences with permission. 2004 by CRC Press LLC Contents Introduction Question 1 What are the spatial patterns and temporal trends for emissions precipitation concentrations and deposition of anthropogenic S N and acidity across the northeastern United States Emissions Patterns of precipitation and deposition of S and N Question 2 What are the effects of acidic deposition on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems in the Northeastern United States and how have these ecosystems responded to changes in emissions and deposition Terrestrial-aquatic linkages Effects of acid deposition on soils Depletion of base cations and mobilization of aluminum in soils Accumulation of sulfur in soils Accumulation of nitrogen in soils Effects of acidic deposition on trees Red spruce Sugar maple Effects on surface waters Surface water chemistry Seasonal and episodic acidification of surface waters Long-term changes in surface water chemistry Effects on aquatic biota Question 3 How do we expect emissions and deposition to change in the future and how might .