Đang chuẩn bị liên kết để tải về tài liệu:
Handbook Of Pollution Control And Waste Minimization - Chapter 21

Không đóng trình duyệt đến khi xuất hiện nút TẢI XUỐNG Tải xuống

Đất ngập nước thiết kế cho kim loại Xử lý nước khai thác mỏ, ảnh hưởng Khai thác mỏ là một nguồn điểm chính của ô nhiễm nước ở Mỹ và trên thế giới. Trong khu vực khai thác mỏ có chứa quặng pyritic (quặng có chứa lưu huỳnh), hệ thống thoát nước axit mỏ (AMD) đóng góp chất lượng nước bị suy thoái nói chung và các kim loại có khả năng độc hại cụ thể để nhận được suối, hồ, và đại dương. Chương này giải thích việc sản xuất của AMD, tóm tắt giải pháp chung cho. | 21 Engineered Wetlands for Metal Mining-Impacted Water Treatment Herold J. Gerbrandt Montana Tech of the University of Montana Butte Montana 1 INTRODUCTION Mining is a major point source of water pollution in America and in the world. In mining zones containing pyritic ore sulfur-bearing ore acid mine drainage AMD contributes degraded water quality in general and potentially toxic metals in specific to receiving streams lakes and oceans. This chapter explains the production of AMD summarizes common solutions to the problem and presents engineered wetlands as a possible new control of this very serious pollutant. Waste minimization is not addressed here although many possibilities for waste minimization exist within the mining industry. 2 BACKGROUND U.S. mining has supplied national and world demand for gold iron copper silver molybdenum and a host of other metals for two centuries. Butte Montana s Richest Hill on Earth supplied copper to electrify America in the 1920s through the 1940s. U.S. metals production helped turn the tide of World War II with an overwhelming armory of guns planes tanks and ships. In more recent times Copyright 2002 by Marcel Dekker Inc. All Rights Reserved. demand for jewelry and electronic parts has also been met by the national mining industry. The success of this extractive enterprise has come at a cost to the environment. While surface impact is often limited to isolated areas groundwater and surface water contamination has been more extensive and far more difficult to address. Sulfuric ore bodies when brought to the surface have the potential to produce acidic waters when exposed to water and oxygen air . Acidic waters pH values between 2 and 5 Standard Units can then mobilize metals by dissolving them and transporting them downstream or vertically down to the water table. This chapter outlines the problem of mine-impacted surface and groundwater then discusses conventional approaches to reduce environmental impact. Lastly results of a