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Manufacturing Handbook of Best Practices 2011 Part 3

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Tham khảo tài liệu 'manufacturing handbook of best practices 2011 part 3', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 3 Design of Experiments Jack B. ReVelle Ph.D. 3.1 OVERVIEW Design of experiments DOE does not sound like a production tool. Most people who are not familiar with the subject might think that DOE sounds more like something from research and development. The fact is that DOE is at the very heart of a process improvement flow that will help a manufacturing manager obtain what he or she most wants in production a smooth and efficient operation. DOE can appear complicated at first but many researchers writers and software engineers have turned this concept into a useful tool for application in every manufacturing operation. Don t let the concept of an experiment turn you away from the application of this most useful tool. DOEs can be structured to obtain useful information in the most efficient way possible. 3.2 BACKGROUND DOEs grew out of the need to plan efficient experiments in agriculture in England during the early part of the 20th century. Agriculture poses unique problems for experimentation. The farmer has little control over the quality of soil and no control whatsoever over the weather. This means that a promising new hybrid seed in a field with poor soil could show a reduced yield when compared with a less effective hybrid planted in a better soil. Alternatively weather or soil could cause a new seed to appear better prompting a costly change for farmers when the results actually stemmed from more favorable growing conditions during the experiment. Although these considerations are more exaggerated for farmers the same factors affect manufacturing. We strive to make our operations consistent but there are slight differences from machine to machine operator to operator shift to shift supplier to supplier lot to lot and plant to plant. These differences can affect results during experimentation with the introduction of a new material or even a small change in a process thus leading to incorrect conclusions. In addition the long lead time necessary to obtain .