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Expert Systems and Geographical Information Systems for Impact Assessment - Chapter 12 (end)

Các giới hạn của hệ thống GIS và các chuyên gia đánh giá tác động 12,1 CHUYÊN GIA HỆ THỐNG CHO ĐÁNH GIÁ TÁC ĐỘNG Chúng tôi đã thảo luận trong một số chi tiết một loạt các loại tác động, làm giảm quá trình hợp lý tương đối đơn giản với một tiềm năng cho tự động hóa như các hệ thống chuyên gia. Mặc dù không phải tất cả các lĩnh vực tiêu chuẩn đánh giá tác động đã được bao phủ, đã có nhiều đủ để minh họa trong những vấn đề và các vấn đề có liên. | 12 Conclusions The limits of GIS and expert systems for impact assessment 12.1 EXPERT SYSTEMS FOR IMPACT ASSESSMENT We have discussed in some detail a wide range of types of impacts reducing them to relatively simple logical processes with a potential for automation as expert systems. Although not all the standard areas of impact assessment have been covered there has been enough variety to illustrate most of the problems and issues involved when translating expert behaviour and judgement into a simple logical process that a non-expert can follow. The logic followed in the discussion so far can be summed up in Figure 12.1 showing the structure of what could be some kind of super expert system to deal with the whole process of impact assessment. After the initial stages focussed on the need for impact assessment and the areas of impact to be studied discussed in Chapter 6 the logic breaks out into many different lines of enquiry for the different areas of impact as discussed in subsequent chapters. Finally all the threads are joined again to arrive at some form of overall assessment and the whole discussion is presented in a report containing the main points of all the areas discussed before covered in Chapter 11 and the report itself is also the subject of scrutiny as part of the control process Figure 12.1 . The first two stages Screening and Scoping can be programmed into reasonably straightforward expert systems examples of which were discussed in Chapter 6. Although either of these two systems can be self-contained they overlap considerably in terms of the information they require details about the project and the most efficient arrangement is to have both systems linked into one so that the information used to screen the project can then contribute to help with the scoping. Beyond these initial stages when it comes to the impact assessment as such there is a basic choice of strategy to design an expert system for each type of impact each column in the matrix .