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Corporate Environmental Management - Chapter 14

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Phân tích ứng cứu khẩn cấp là một công cụ ra quyết định để xác định trường hợp khẩn cấp tiềm năng Đối mặt với một cộng đồng liên quan đến các vụ nổ hoặc phát ngẫu nhiên của các hợp chất từ các cơ sở công ty. By Xác định và đánh giá tất cả các trường hợp khẩn cấp, tiềm năng bao gồm các cao Khó có trường hợp kịch bản xấu nhất, người ra quyết định là khả năng để chuẩn bị cho trường hợp khẩn cấp và Giảm đáng kể rủi ro. Một cách tiếp cận. | Chapter 14 Emergency Response Analysis Emergency response analysis is a decision-making tool to identify potential emergencies facing a community with respect to accidental explosions or releases of compounds from company facilities. By identifying and evaluating all potential emergencies including the highly unlikely worst-case scenarios decision makers are able to prepare for emergencies and significantly reduce the risks. A population risk-based approach should be developed to assess a variety of land use exposed population and exposure pathways as applicable to a given site. In the emergency response analysis context safety is the reciprocal of risk or the probability that substances will not produce harm under the same conditions. Thus when ultimately determining the risk or safety of the present approach the critical factor will not necessarily be the intrinsic hazard potential of the substances per se but the safety precautions that have been taken to decrease the potential harm from that substance. It is assumed that the greatest acute hazard potential to the nearest community will be via air-borne transmission in the form of a vapor gas or dust cloud or via an explosion of a volatile container. Using these assumptions worst case scenarios for representative compounds should be conducted to indicate the size of the hazard zones that would have to be considered in emergency planning for the present approach. The ARCHIE Model series was developed by the EPA the Department of Transportation DOT and the Federal Emergency Management Administration FEMA for use in hazard analysis. EPA s Automated Resource for Chemical Hazard Incident Evaluation ARCHIE model is the recommended model in several states as part of the emergency response analysis requirement in permit requests. It should be stressed that the assumptions are considered to be worst case i.e. the situation is assumed to be the worst that can occur based on the information. As such severe combinations of