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Nuclear Power Deployment Operation and Sustainability Part 13

Tham khảo tài liệu 'nuclear power deployment operation and sustainability part 13', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 410 Nuclear Power - Deployment Operation and Sustainability 1.2 The nuclear energy problem The current structure of the nuclear industry is inadequate to the challenges that the human society requires in the next hundred years. In spite of 60 years of development the present nuclear industry presents a number of shortcomings that require a profound reassessment for a sustainable and secure nuclear industry. In spite of the notable safety record of the nuclear power electric generation industry compared to almost all other forms of electric generation there is the not unjustified fear that present nuclear power technology is not safe. The safety issue is of paramount importance for society to accept nuclear power. Nuclear radioactive waste and nuclear weapons proliferation issues of current technology are also high in the agenda for the rejection of current technology by society. If the foregoing problems could be solved then the economic factors take prevalence in the selection of the energy supply system for ensuring public acceptance. The root cause of the problems outlined lie in the extreme complexity of the solid fuel reactor which itself is the result of the form in which the technology developed. Nuclear energy was born in the war effort of the 1940 s. The huge research and development investment in nuclear science to develop the atomic bomb before and after the war in 1945 was applied to produce and develop the nuclear reactor. In the US and elsewhere governments financed nuclear power plants for naval use and nuclear facilities designed to produce the required materials 235U and 239Pu that allowed the construction of weapons. However this effort was not confined to the war era or its immediate aftermath. The cold war that prevailed from 1945 to the fall of the Berlin wall in 1989 continued to dictate the science and technology that was developed. Hence concepts such as economy simplicity safety and non-proliferation characters of the nuclear technology .