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Electricity Infrastructures in the Global Marketplace Part 2

Tham khảo tài liệu 'electricity infrastructures in the global marketplace part 2', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | The Role of Nuclear in the Future Global Energy Scene 19 power reactor in the world is part of the WANO system of operational peer review. The aim of WANO s peer-review system standards is set by the UN s International Atomic Energy Agency IAEA . Advances in safety practice are unmistakable. At most plants worldwide reportable safety-related events are near zero. National and international insurance laws assign responsibility to nuclear plant operators. In the US for example reactor operators share in a pooled private insurance system that has never cost taxpayers a penny. Today nuclear power plants have a superb safety record - both for plant workers and the public. In the transport of nuclear material highly engineered containers - capable of withstanding enormous impact - are the industrial norm. More than 20 000 containers of spent fuel and high-level waste have been shipped safety over a total distance exceeding 30 million kilometers. During the transport of these and other radioactive substances - whether for research medicine or nuclear - there had never been a harmful radioactive release. Compare this safety record to other industries such as coal mining the chemical or transport industries or the risks of smoking or drinking. 1.2.4 Proliferation Proliferation is a major consideration. Nuclear power entails potential security risks notably the possible misuse of nuclear facilities to acquire technology or materials as a precursor to the acquisition of a nuclear weapons capability. This is a subject of current major international concern. Fuel cycles that involve the chemical reprocessing of spent fuel to separate weapons-useable plutonium and uranium enrichment technologies are of special significance. An international response is required to reduce the proliferation risk. The response should Re-appraise and strengthen the institutional underpinnings of the International Atomic Energy Agency safe-guards regime including sanctions Guide nuclear fuel cycle .