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STUDIES ON WATER MANAGEMENT ISSUESE Part 3

Tham khảo tài liệu 'studies on water management issuese part 3', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 30 Studies on Water Management Issues Bettess 2005 . During the Boscastle flash flood event 100 residential homes were destroyed and 75 cars were swept to the sea. Due to the efficient assistance of the available rescue teams no fatalities happened. This rare event resulted from a combination of hydrometeorological factors Golding 2005 unusually high rainfall efficiency relative to the moisture content of the inflowing air and the exceptionally long stay of intense storms over the same catchment. For similar reasons mountain environments in the Mediterranean are also seriously threatened by flash flooding e.g. Borga et al. 2007 . In the Aragonian Pyrenees the catchment of the Barranco de Áras stream only 19 km2 in area was affected by enduring 5hour rainfall with 500 mm h-1 peak intensity and an estimated 243 mm total amount on 6 August 1996. In the Biescas camp-site 87 people died because flash flooding of 600 m s-1 discharge was combined with a debris flow transporting 68 000 m3 debris Gutiérrez et al. 1998 . The tragic underestimation of the capacity of check dams by engineers had also contributed to the disaster. In the French Côte d Azur in Draguignan Var département the 10 June 2010 flash flood killed 37 people in the town and its neighbourhood caused blackouts and cut away the village from the world Telegraph 2010 . It was triggered by a huge cloudburst 350 mm within 20 hours unobserved in the area since 1827. For a more complete overview of flash floods in Europe see Gaume et al. 2009. As it has been mentioned however arid and semiarid regions are the most favoured environments for flash flood generation Reid et al. 1994 . According to research in Israel Cohen Laronne 2005 for instance flash floods of arid regions involve both bedload and suspended sediment concentrations much higher than in the perennial rivers of humid environments. In arid or desert regions storms cut arroyos intermittent gullies with flat floors and vertical walls . Flash flooding in an