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Mesoscopic Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics Part 15

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Tham khảo tài liệu 'mesoscopic non-equilibrium thermodynamics part 15', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | The Atmosphere and Internal Structure of Saturn s Moon Titan a Thermodynamic Study 411 Fig. 1. Liquid composition Xi i C N E of the ternary system CH4 N2 C2H6 as function of molfraction of methane yc in a saturated atmosphere our results of the ternary liquid mixture in Fig. 1 the mole fractions in the liquid state Xc Xn and XE 1 Xc XN are plotted as function of the composition of ycH4 1 - yN2 up to yCH4 0.1. Fig. 1 shows that Xe is continuously decreasing with increasing yc while Xc is continously increasing. At ycH4 0.10 XE 0 i. e. values of ycH4 0.1 would indicate that no ethane can be present in the liquid phase. Interestingly XN is almost independent of yC with values close to 0.18. The following conclusions can be drawn from Fig. 1. Since experimental values of ycH4 lie between 0.02 and 0.07 the results suggest that ethane would be present in the liquid phase with values of XE in the range of 0.7 to 0.2. However there is no evidence that the measured values of yCH4 are really values being in thermodynamic equilibrium with a saturated liquid mixtures at the places where these values have been measured in Titan s atmosphere. Therefore equilibrium values of yCH4 which are representative for the liquid composition of the lakes may reach or even exceed 0.1. In this case most likely no ethane would be present in the lakes and the liquid composition would be Xch4 0.834 and xn2 0.166 which is different from the result obtained by eq. 2 under the assumption of an ideal binary mixture xch4 0.698 xn2 0.302 . 4. Cloud formation and rainfall in Titan s troposphere Early attempts to describe quantitatively the situation of a saturated atmosphere of Titan can be found in the literature Kouvaris Flasar 1991 Thompson et al. 1992 . We provide here a simple and straight forward procedure based on the most recent results of the temperature profile of the lower atmosphere. Fig. 2 shows the temperature profile of Titan s atmosphere as measured by the landing probe Huygens .