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Wind Power 2011 Part 19

Tham khảo tài liệu 'wind power 2011 part 19', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 23 Environmental Impact of Modern Wind Power under LCA Methodology Eduardo Martinez Cámara Emilio Jimenez Macias Julio Blanco Fernández and Mercedes Pérez de la Parte University of La Rioja Spain 1. Introduction Renewable energy sources constitute an alternative to fossil fuels and their problems which are on the one hand the pollution and CO2 emissions that they produce and on the other hand the diminution of reserves in addition to other economical and political problems such as their increasing prices and the economic dependence of non-producers countries on those that produce fossil fuels. At the present time renewable energy and particularly wind power energy is becoming increasingly relevant in the world s electricity market based on its advances and on the legislative support of governments in several countries Rio del Unruh 2007 Jager-Waldau 2007 Karki 2007 Breukers Wolsink 2007 for instance with legal frameworks presenting stable and lasting premiums. Figure 1 shows the contribution and the provisions of wind power to the electricity supply network in several countries both at a European and world level current forecasts predict that wind power will contribute 12 of the global demand for electricity by 2020 GWEC 2005 . This huge boom in implementation and forecasts of this power source justify the need to increase its people s understanding Jungbluth et al. 2005 Gurzenich et al. 1999 based on scientific studies especially from the point of view of its environmental impact. Wind power produces electrical energy from the kinetic energy of the wind without directly producing any pollution or emissions during the conversion process but this does not means that it is free of contamination or CO2 emissions. The question is that it should be considered that there is an environmental impact due to the manufacturing process of the wind turbine and the disposal process at the end of the wind turbine life cycle. And this environmental impact should be quantified in .