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Fisheries Resources and Science in Newfoundland and Labrador: An Independent Assessment

The fi sheries in Newfoundland and Labrador waters began in the early 1500s, were prosecuted mainly for Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), and increased markedly, and unsustainably, in the last half of the 20th century. The terms of union of Newfoundland with Canada relinquished full authority for research and management of the marine fi sheries to the Government of Canada in 1949. Since then, a combination of circumstances which included the inability to control foreign and domestic fi sheries, inadequate science, inappropriate policies, ineffective management, and the inability to react to local environmental and fi sheries conditions and knowledge, has led to a major decline in the status. | Royal Commission on Renewing and Strengthening Our Place in Canada Fisheries Resources and Science in Newfoundland and Labrador An Independent Assessment By G.A. Rose March 2003 The views expressed herein are solely those of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of the Royal Commission on Renewing and Strengthening Our Place in Canada. Fisheries Resources and Science in Newfoundland and Labrador An Independent Assessment Abstract The fisheries in Newfoundland and Labrador waters began in the early 1500s were prosecuted mainly for Atlantic cod Gadus morhua and increased markedly and unsustainably in the last half of the 20th century. The terms of union of Newfoundland with Canada relinquished full authority for research and management of the marine fisheries to the Government of Canada in 1949. Since then a combination of circumstances which included the inability to control foreign and domestic fisheries inadequate science inappropriate policies ineffective management and the inability to react to local environmental and fisheries conditions and knowledge has led to a major decline in the status of most fish stocks in the Newfoundland and Labrador marine ecosystems and most recently to a regime shift to a crustacean-dominated biological community. The best known example of decline is the northern Atlantic cod but this is only one of many species that is likely at all time historic low levels of abundance including potentially valuable commercial species such as the redfishes Sebastes spp the haddock Melanogrammus aeglefinus and the American plaice Hippoglossoides platessoides pelagic fishes especially capelin Mallotus villosus and also species of lesser or no commercial importance. In the early years of the 21st century the fishery has become dependent on snow crab Chionocetes opilio and northern shrimp Pandalus borealis . Increased abundance in these species during the 1990s comprises a marine ecosystem regime shift likely caused by a change in .