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Ebook Digital integrated circuits prentice hall: Part 1

(BQ) Part 1 book "Digital integrated circuits prentice hall" has contents: Introduction, the manufacturing process, the devices, the devices, the cmos inverter. | chapter1.fm Page 9 Friday, January 18, 2002 8:58 AM CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION The evolution of digital circuit design n Compelling issues in digital circuit design n How to measure the quality of a design n Valuable references 1.1 A Historical Perspective 1.2 Issues in Digital Integrated Circuit Design 1.3 Quality Metrics of a Digital Design 1.4 Summary 1.5 To Probe Further 9 chapter1.fm Page 10 Friday, January 18, 2002 8:58 AM 10 1.1 INTRODUCTION Chapter 1 A Historical Perspective The concept of digital data manipulation has made a dramatic impact on our society. One has long grown accustomed to the idea of digital computers. Evolving steadily from mainframe and minicomputers, personal and laptop computers have proliferated into daily life. More significant, however, is a continuous trend towards digital solutions in all other areas of electronics. Instrumentation was one of the first noncomputing domains where the potential benefits of digital data manipulation over analog processing were recognized. Other areas such as control were soon to follow. Only recently have we witnessed the conversion of telecommunications and consumer electronics towards the digital format. Increasingly, telephone data is transmitted and processed digitally over both wired and wireless networks. The compact disk has revolutionized the audio world, and digital video is following in its footsteps. The idea of implementing computational engines using an encoded data format is by no means an idea of our times. In the early nineteenth century, Babbage envisioned largescale mechanical computing devices, called Difference Engines [Swade93]. Although these engines use the decimal number system rather than the binary representation now common in modern electronics, the underlying concepts are very similar. The Analytical Engine, developed in 1834, was perceived as a general-purpose computing machine, with features strikingly close to modern computers. Besides executing the .