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Bioreactors for animal cell culture

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In a fed-batch reactor, fresh media is continuous or sometimes periodically added but there is no continuous removal. The fermenter is emptied or partially emptied when reactor is full or fermentation is finished. It is possible to achieve high productivities due to the fact that controlling the flow rate of the feed entering the reactor can optimize the growth rate of the cells. | Bioreactors for animal cell culture Cell and tissue engineering Professor Claudia Lobalto da Silva Claudia Bartolucci Claudia Siverino 72240 72322 What is a bioreactor? • An apparatus for growing organisms (yeast, bacteria, or animal cells) under controlled conditions. • Used in industrial processes to produce pharmaceuticals, vaccines, or antibodies • Also used to convert raw materials into useful byproducts such as in the bioconversion of corn into ethanol. • Bioreactors supply a homogeneous (same throughout) environment by constantly stirring the contents. • Bioreactors give the cells a controlled environment by ensuring the same temperature, pH, and oxygen levels. Required properties of bioreactors • Simplicity of design • Large number of organisms per unit volume • Uniform distribution of micro-organisms • Simple and effective oxygen supply • Low energy requirement • Uniform distribution of energy • providing information about the formation of 3D tissue Types of bioreactors You can classify bioreactors based on three different parameters. 1. Sterility of the container : Sterile : used for the production of antibiotics or vitamins. Not sterile : used for example in conventional fermentations such as in the production of beer, or more modern as the treatment of water 2. Conditions imposed by the bioprocess Organisms growing in bioreactors may be: • Suspended • Immobilized. A simple method, where cells are immobilized, is a Petri dish with agar gel. Large scale immobilized cell bioreactors are: • moving media, also known as Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR); • Packed bed; • Fibrous .