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Lecture Computer organization and architecture - Chapter 1: Introduction & Measuring Performance

This topic will describe: An introduction to the course, overview of architecture, historical context, performance, drivers, suggested reading: stallings chapter 1,2. | Chapter 01 Computer Organization and Architecture OVERVIEW 1 OVERVIEW 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. Computer architecture and computer organization Computer architecture refers to those attributes of a system visible to a programmer or, put another way, those attributes that have a direct impact on the logical execution of a program. For example, Instruction set, number of bits used for data representation, I/O mechanisms, addressing techniques. An architectural design issue whether a computer will have a multiply instruction 1.1. Computer architecture and computer organization Computer organization refers to the operational units and their interconnections that realize the architectural specifications or how features are implemented. For example Organizational attributes include Those hardware details transparent to the programmer, such as control signals; interfaces between the computer and peripherals; and the memory technology used. 1.1. Computer architecture and computer organization . | Chapter 01 Computer Organization and Architecture OVERVIEW 1 OVERVIEW 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. Computer architecture and computer organization Computer architecture refers to those attributes of a system visible to a programmer or, put another way, those attributes that have a direct impact on the logical execution of a program. For example, Instruction set, number of bits used for data representation, I/O mechanisms, addressing techniques. An architectural design issue whether a computer will have a multiply instruction 1.1. Computer architecture and computer organization Computer organization refers to the operational units and their interconnections that realize the architectural specifications or how features are implemented. For example Organizational attributes include Those hardware details transparent to the programmer, such as control signals; interfaces between the computer and peripherals; and the memory technology used. 1.1. Computer architecture and computer organization Historically, and still today, the distinction between architecture and organization has been an important one. Many computer manufacturers offer a family of computer models, all with the same architecture but with differences in organization. Consequently, the different models in the family have different price and performance characteristics. 1.1. Computer architecture and computer organization A particular architecture may span many years and encompass a number of different computer models, its organization changing with changing technology. IBM System/370 architecture. This architecture was first introduced in 1970 and included a number of models. Over the years, IBM has introduced many new models with improved technology to replace older models, offering the customer greater speed, lower cost, or both.These newer models retained the same architecture All Intel x86 family share the same basic architecture. 1.2. Structure and Function Structure is the way in which components relate to .