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Ebook Radiography in the digital age (3/E): Part 2

(BQ) Part 2 book “Radiography in the digital age” has contents: Computer basics, creating the digital image, digital image preprocessing and processing, digital image postprocessing, postprocessing operations in practice, applying radiographic technique to digital imaging, and other contents. | Part III DIGITAL RADIOGRAPHY Conventional radiographs of autopsied coronal slices through the chest and head of a human corpse, appearing somewhat like MRI images. Chapter 28 COMPUTER BASICS Objectives: Upon completion of this chapter, you should be able to: 1. Overview how computer hardware and software interact to perform tasks at high speed. 2. List the types of computers and terminals, and how they relate to radiography. 3. Overview the history and development of computers and micro-circuitry. 4. Describe how peripherals integrate with the central processing unit. 5. Describe the types of storage and main components in the CPU. 6. Describe the types of storage and major components of a typical PC. 7. Distinguish between the various characteristics of modern digital memory. 8. Analyze the differences between analog and digital data and how they relate to radiographic images. 9. Understand the basic aspects of binary code and ASCII code. 10. Overview the general types of software and levels of machine language. 11. Define the four levels of data processing. 12. Overview the hardware components and compatibility of digital communications systems. A computer is any machine that can perform mathematical computations, manipulate information, make decisions and interact accurately and quickly. All of these functions are based upon the fundamental ability of the machine to follow preprogrammed instructions known as algorithms. Each algorithm is a concise set of instructions for a single, specific task, such as how to subtract two numbers that are inputted into the computer by the user. A computer program is a collection of many hundreds or even thousands of interrelated algorithms which allow the user to perform a general application such as calculating taxes, word processing, or organizing a data base. To avoid repetitious programming and wasteful duplication, algorithms that will be used repeatedly within a program, called subroutines, are written only once .