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Evaluation of wheat genetic resources of Azerbaijan on normal and saline fields

Genetic variation is a key to successful crop improvement. This study was conducted to evaluate a set of 48 accessions and two controls of hexaploid winter wheat from the gene bank of the Genetic Resources Institute (Azerbaijan) to examine genotypic variation for 11 morphophysiological traits under saline and nonsaline conditions. | Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry Turk J Agric For (2016) 40: 186-193 © TÜBİTAK doi:10.3906/tar-1502-84 http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/agriculture/ Research Article Evaluation of wheat genetic resources of Azerbaijan on normal and saline fields 1 1 1 1, 2 Sevinj NURIYEVA , Zeynal AKPAROV , Elchin HAJIYEV , Mehraj ABBASOV *, Ram SHARMA 1 Genetic Resources Institute of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Baku, Azerbaijan 2 International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, Central Asia and Caucasus Regional Program, Tashkent, Uzbekistan Received: 16.02.2015 Accepted/Published Online: 06.08.2015 Final Version: 05.02.2016 Abstract: Genetic variation is a key to successful crop improvement. This study was conducted to evaluate a set of 48 accessions and two controls of hexaploid winter wheat from the gene bank of the Genetic Resources Institute (Azerbaijan) to examine genotypic variation for 11 morphophysiological traits under saline and nonsaline conditions. These accessions belonged to five different botanical groups collected from eight districts in Azerbaijan. Replicated field tests were conducted at Absheron (nonsaline) and Ujar (saline) locations for 3 years. Genotype and genotype × environment biplot analysis was used to determine associations among the accessions and identify superior genotypes for individual traits as well as multiple traits. There were arrays of genotypic variation for plant height (PHT), peduncle length (PDL), PDL:PHT ratio, number of tillers per plant, spike length, spikelet and kernel number per spike, grain weight per spike, grain weight per plant, 1000-kernel weight, and SPAD value. Superior genotypes were identified for both saline and nonsaline conditions, which were distributed among different botanical varieties and places of collection. Based on multivariate analysis using 10 traits, the five accessions superior under both saline and nonsaline conditions were RFS08K-8 (Graecum), RFS08K-19