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Determination of antioxidant, total phenolic, total carotenoid, lycopene, ascorbic acid, and sugar contents of Citrus species and mandarin hybrids

This study aimed to determine the antioxidant capacity; the total phenolic, total carotenoid, sugar, and ascorbic acid contents, and some pomological characteristics of Citrus species (Citrus reticulata, Citrus sinensis, and Citrus paradisi) and mandarin (Citrus reticulata) and their new hybrids developed for yield at | Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/agriculture/ Research Article Turk J Agric For (2016) 40: 894-899 © TÜBİTAK doi:10.3906/tar-1606-83 Determination of antioxidant, total phenolic, total carotenoid, lycopene, ascorbic acid, and sugar contents of Citrus species and mandarin hybrids 1, 1 2 3 İhsan CANAN *, Muttalip GÜNDOĞDU , Ubeyit SEDAY , Celile Aylin OLUK , 2 2 4 2 Zafer KARAŞAHİN , Evren Çağlar EROĞLU , Ebru YAZICI , Mustafa ÜNLÜ 1 Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey 2 Alata Horticultural Research Institute, Erdemli, Mersin, Turkey 3 East Mediterranean Agricultural Research Institute, Yüreğir, Adana, Turkey 4 Ministry of Food, Agriculture, and Livestock, Agricultural Economic and Policy Development Institute, Ankara, Turkey Received: 21.06.2016 Accepted/Published Online: 10.11.2016 Final Version: 14.12.2016 Abstract: This study aimed to determine the antioxidant capacity; the total phenolic, total carotenoid, sugar, and ascorbic acid contents; and some pomological characteristics of Citrus species (Citrus reticulata, Citrus sinensis, and Citrus paradisi) and mandarin (Citrus reticulata) and their new hybrids developed for yield at the Alata Horticultural Research Institute in Mersin, Turkey. With respect to antioxidant capacities, the highest value (45.28 µmol TE/100 g) was determined in Cocktail (Citrus paradisi) cultivar fruits among all examined cultivars and hybrids. We found that 7-19 (Clementine × Kara) mandarin hybrids had the highest total phenolic content (386.81 mg gallic acid equivalent/g) and the highest total carotenoid content (39.03 mg/kg). Considering the sugar contents of mandarin fruits, sucrose was identified to be the predominant sugar and the highest value (8.80 g/100 g) was identified in the Clementine cultivar. It was determined that the Citrus species and mandarin hybrids had lycopene contents ranging from 6.52