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Extractability and phytoavailability of cadmium in Cd-rich pedogenic soils

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Conspicuous vegetation entities of pedogenic soils rich in cadmium and their diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA)- extractable Cd content (DCd) under the temperate continental and Mediterranean climatic conditions of western Anatolia were determined. | Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry Turk J Agric For (2014) 38: 70-79 © TÜBİTAK doi:10.3906/tar-1301-74 http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/agriculture/ Research Article Extractability and phytoavailability of cadmium in Cd-rich pedogenic soils 1 1 2 3, Kürşad ÖZBEK , Nesime CEBEL , İlhami ÜNVER * Ministry of Food, Agriculture, and Livestock, General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policy, Field Crops Central Research Institute, Ankara, Turkey 2 Ministry of Food, Agriculture, and Livestock, General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policy, Soil-Fertilizer and Water Resources Central Research Institute, Ankara, Turkey 3 Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey Received: 22.01.2013 Accepted: 17.05.2013 Published Online: 13.12.2013 Printed: 20.01.2014 Abstract: Conspicuous vegetation entities of pedogenic soils rich in cadmium and their diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA)extractable Cd content (DCd) under the temperate continental and Mediterranean climatic conditions of western Anatolia were determined. Foliage of herbaceous plants and nearby soil samples was collected from 51 zinc mining areas. DCd content was found to reach 11.6%–16.2% of the total Cd content, indicating more extractability than in many other heavy metals. Growth chamber and nursery experiments were conducted with the seeds collected. Dactylis glomerata and Galium tenuissimum subsp. tenuissimum, both common in grazing lands, were found to be accumulating 23.5 mg Cd kg–1 and 22.3 mg Cd kg–1 dry matter, respectively, which are highly phytotoxic levels. Thlaspi praecox, known as a Cd-hyperaccumulating plant species, could not be successfully introduced into the Cd-rich mining soils under controlled conditions, suggesting genetic variation or inability to adapt. Volunteer species under controlled conditions included Poa bulbosa and Plantago lanceolata, both of which were potential .