Đang chuẩn bị liên kết để tải về tài liệu:
Improving nutrient use efficiency

Public interest and awareness of the need for improving nutrient use efficiency is great, but nutrient use efficiency is easily misunderstood. Four indices of nutrient use efficiency are reviewed and an example of different applications of the terminology show that the same data set might be used to calculate a fertilizer N efficiency of 21% or 100%. | Turk J Agric For 32 (2008) 177-182 © TÜB‹TAK Improving Nutrient Use Efficiency Terry L. ROBERTS* International Plant Nutrition Institute, 3500 Parkway Lane, Suite 550 Norcross, Georgia 30092 USA Received: 09.01.2008 Abstract: Public interest and awareness of the need for improving nutrient use efficiency is great, but nutrient use efficiency is easily misunderstood. Four indices of nutrient use efficiency are reviewed and an example of different applications of the terminology show that the same data set might be used to calculate a fertilizer N efficiency of 21% or 100%. Fertilizer N recovery efficiencies from researcher managed experiments for major grain crops range from 46% to 65%, compared to on-farm N recovery efficiencies of 20% to 40%. Fertilizer use efficiency can be optimized by fertilizer best management practices that apply nutrients at the right rate, time, and place. The highest nutrient use efficiency always occurs at the lower parts of the yield response curve, where fertilizer inputs are lowest, but effectiveness of fertilizers in increasing crop yields and optimizing farmer profitability should not be sacrificed for the sake of efficiency alone. There must be a balance between optimal nutrient use efficiency and optimal crop productivity. Key Words: Fertilizer best management practices, BMPs, balanced fertilization, nitrogen efficiency, right rate, right time, right place Introduction Awareness of and interest in improved nutrient use efficiency has never been greater. Driven by a growing public belief that crop nutrients are excessive in the environment and farmer concerns about rising fertilizer prices and stagnant crop prices, the fertilizer industry is under increasing pressure to improve nutrient use efficiency. However, efficiency can be defined in many ways and is easily misunderstood and misrepresented. Definitions differ, depending on the perspective. Environmental nutrient use efficiency can be quite different than agronomic or .