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Accumulation of phenolics in natural and micropropagated plantlets of Thymus pseudopulegioides Klokov & Des.-Shost. with their antioxidant potentials

Thymus pseudopulegioides plantlets were propagated in vitro via direct organogenesis by using Murashige and Skoog (MS) media containing kinetin, thidiazuron, and 6-benzyladenine (BA) individually. | Turkish Journal of Biology Turk J Biol (2017) 41: 754-764 © TÜBİTAK doi:10.3906/biy-1704-9 http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/biology/ Research Article Accumulation of phenolics in natural and micropropagated plantlets of Thymus pseudopulegioides Klokov & Des.-Shost. with their antioxidant potentials 1 2 3 4,5 5,6, Mustafa GÜNAYDIN , Abdul Hafeez LAGHARI , Ersan BEKTAŞ , Münevver SÖKMEN , Atalay SÖKMEN 1 Gümüşhane Vocational School, Gümüşhane University, Gümüşhane, Turkey 2 National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan 3 Espiye Vocational School, Giresun University, Espiye, Giresun, Turkey 4 Department of Bioengineering, Konya Food and Agriculture University, Konya, Turkey 5 Department of Plant Production and Technologies, Konya Food and Agriculture University, Konya, Turkey 6 College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Received: 05.04.2017 Accepted/Published Online: 13.06.2017 * Final Version: 10.11.2017 Abstract: Thymus pseudopulegioides plantlets were propagated in vitro via direct organogenesis by using Murashige and Skoog (MS) media containing kinetin, thidiazuron, and 6-benzyladenine (BA) individually. Methanol extracts obtained both from plantlets and wild plants were analyzed for their total phenolics and flavonoid contents, then quantified by HPLC. The highest total phenolic (8.83 mg/g as gallic acid equivalent) and total flavonoid (0.92 mg/mL as rutin equivalent) values were from the MS media supplemented with 1.0 mg/L kinetin and 0.5 mg/L BA, respectively. The plantlets grown in those media also showed remarkable antioxidant activities with an IC50 value of 4.77 µg/mL in DPPH and 100% inhibition in β-carotene assays, respectively. HPLC analysis proved the production of protocatechuic, caffeic, vanillic, rosmarinic, ferulic, and o-coumaric acids and rutin. Rosmarinic acid production was predominant in natural samples (115.2 mg/100 g dry weight), while the aforesaid phenolic acids