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Micropropagule production from Trichoderma harzianum EGE-K38 using solid-state fermentation and a comparative study for drying methods

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In this study, Trichoderma harzianum EGE-K38 was used for micropropagule production in solid-state fermentation. Various inexpensive agricultural co-products including wheat bran, sawdust, rice straw, hazelnut shell, grape marc, and cotton seed cake were tested as natural substrates, and zeolite was tested as an inert support for micropropagule production. | Turkish Journal of Biology http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/biology/ Research Article Turk J Biol (2013) 37: 139-146 © TÜBİTAK doi:10.3906/biy-1206-32 Micropropagule production from Trichoderma harzianum EGE-K38 using solid-state fermentation and a comparative study for drying methods Sayıt SARGIN*, Yüksel GEZGİN, Rengin ELTEM, Fazilet VARDAR Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, 35100 Bornova, İzmir, Turkey Received: 14.06.2012 Accepted: 31.08.2012 Published Online: 25.03.2013 Printed: 25.04.2013 Abstract: In this study, Trichoderma harzianum EGE-K38 was used for micropropagule production in solid-state fermentation. Various inexpensive agricultural co-products including wheat bran, sawdust, rice straw, hazelnut shell, grape marc, and cotton seed cake were tested as natural substrates, and zeolite was tested as an inert support for micropropagule production. Several parameters were determined to obtain maximum micropropagule production: the effects of various nitrogen sources, initial moisture content, initial pH, incubation temperature, and incubation time. Maximum micropropagule count achieved was (1.30 ± 0.68) × 1010 cfu/g dry substrate with a wheat bran–malt sprout mixture (3:2), at 28 °C, an initial moisture content of 70% (w/w), and an initial pH of 5.8 ± 0.3 after 4 days of cultivation. In zeolite-based medium, a maximum micropropagule count of (5.12 ± 0.61) × 108 cfu/g dry inert support was achieved. Optimized parameters were used in a higher scale where micropropagules were produced in trays using a wheat bran–malt sprout medium and harvested to determine the drying conditions in both lyophilization and oven-drying. It was found that up to 97% of micropropagules retained their viability with glycerol as a protectant after 1 day of oven-drying at 40 °C. Key words: Trichoderma harzianum, solid-state fermentation, micropropagules, biological control, zeolite 1. Introduction Biological control is an environmentally .