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High frequency plant production via shoot organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis from callus in Tylophora indica, an endangered plant species

An efficient and reproducible protocol has been developed for the in vitro production of an endangered medicinal climber Tylophora indica (Burm.f.) Merr. via leaf explants. Different types of calli produced on benzyladenine (BA) and thidiazuron (TDZ) supplemented Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium were selected for shoot induction and somatic embryogenesis studies. | Research Article Turk J Bot 34 (2010) 11-20 © TÜBİTAK doi:10.3906/bot-0809-3 High frequency plant production via shoot organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis from callus in Tylophora indica, an endangered plant species Aastha SAHAI, Anwar SHAHZAD*, Mohammad ANIS Plant Biotechnology Lab. Dept. of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh (U.P), INDIA Received: 15.09.2008 Accepted: 14.12.2009 Abstract: An efficient and reproducible protocol has been developed for the in vitro production of an endangered medicinal climber Tylophora indica (Burm.f.) Merr. via leaf explants. Different types of calli produced on benzyladenine (BA) and thidiazuron (TDZ) supplemented Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium were selected for shoot induction and somatic embryogenesis studies. Calli when transferred from BA (5 μM) and TDZ (2.5 μM) to MS medium containing BA (5 μM) resulted in high frequency shoot induction (26.8 ± 0.97 shoots/culture) along with somatic embryogenesis (10.20 ± 0.37 embryoids/culture) up to 3 subculture passages. Embryoids transformed into complete plantlets when transferred to growth regulator free half-strength MS medium. Auxin specific pigmented and whitish roots were induced in the microshoots when planted on half-strength MS medium augmented with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and αnaphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) respectively. Regenerated plantlets were hardened, acclimatised, and established in soil with 90% survival rate and exhibited normal morphology when compared with parent plants. Key words: Tylophora indica, leaf callus, somatic embryogenesis, shoot organogenesis Introduction In vitro propagation techniques offer great potential not only for rapid multiplication of existing stock of plant species but also for conservation of important, elite, and endangered ones such as Tylophora indica (Burm.f.) Merr. (Faisal et al., 2007), which is a medicinal climber that belongs to the family Asclepidaceae. The leaves and roots are used medicinally against .