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The achaemenid impacts on the levantine architecture during the fifth and fourth centuries B.C.E.

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The Persians were also known to hire Greek architects for constructing their monumental buildings. The architectural and decorative elements of the palatial buildings erected at the Achaemenid capitals have inspired the Levantine architects, specifically the Phoenicians in their northern colonies. This article describes the Achaemenid influences on the technique and art of designing of buildings in the Levant as distinguished from the skills associated with construction. | Journal of Anthropology and Archaeology December 2017, Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 89-99 ISSN 2334-2420 (Print) 2334-2439 (Online) Copyright © The Author(s). All Rights Reserved. Published by American Research Institute for Policy Development DOI: 10.15640/jaa.v5n2a7 URL: https://doi.org/10.15640/jaa.v5n2a7 The Achaemenid Impacts On The Levantine Architecture During The Fifth And Fourth Centuries B.C.E. Hashem Mohammad Khries1, Ph.D. Abstract The architectural remains give a direct expression of people's history in every age; explain the extent of their technological competence, traditions, culture, ideological levels, and their relations. The practice of architecture is used to accomplish both functional and emotional requirements, and thus, it serves both technical and artistic aims. Although these two aspects may be distinguished, they cannot be separated. During the Persian rule, the Levantines did not deny their ancestors' building techniques and methods they knew in the earlier periods, rather than they continued to employ them with or without modifications. The Persians were also known to hire Greek architects for constructing their monumental buildings. The architectural and decorative elements of the palatial buildings erected at the Achaemenid capitals have inspired the Levantine architects, specifically the Phoenicians in their northern colonies. This article describes the Achaemenid influences on the technique and art of designing of buildings in the Levant as distinguished from the skills associated with construction. Keywords: Achaemenid Art; Architectural Ornaments; Building Techniques; Levant; Levantine Architecture; Persian Art. 1. Introduction The Levant is a historical and geographical term referring to a vast area of the central territories of the Fertile Crescent to the east of the Mediterranean Sea comprising Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, and Palestine nowadays. Geographically, Levant is approximately bounded on the north by the Taurus Mountains southern .