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A New Era for Conservation

Natural resource managers and conservationists are coming to grips with the fact that rapid global warming and associated climate changes are already having a considerable impact on the world’s ecological systems. More and larger shifts are expected, even in the best-case scenarios for greenhouse gas emissions reductions and future warming. These climate changes are ushering in a fundamental shift in natural resource management and conservation, to help natural systems withstand and adapt to new climate conditions. This literature review summarizes recent science on climate change adaptation in the context of natural resource management and fish and wildlife conservation. The review was prepared as a background contribution to the. | A New Era for Conservation Review of Climate Change Adaptation Literature Patty Glick Amanda Staudt Bruce Stein National Wildlife Federation March 12 2009 Acknowledgements We are grateful to the Wildlife Habitat Policy Research Program WHPRP for their support of this discussion paper. WHPRP is a program of the National Council for Science and the Environment NCSE funded by the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation. A New Era for Conservation Review of Climate Change Adaptation Literature March 12 2009 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.3 I. INTRODUCTION.5 II. CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION AN OVERVIEW.7 A. Definition.1 B. Slow Progress on Developing Adaptation Strategies.8 C. Overcoming Barriers to Climate Change Adaptation.9 D. Overarching Principles.12 Reduce Other Non-climate Stressors.13 Manage for Ecological Function and Protection of Biological Diversity.14 Establish Habitat Buffer Zones and Wildlife Corridors.14 Implement Proactive Management and Restoration Strategies.16 Increase Monitoring and Facilitate Management Under Uncertainty.17 E. Guidelines for Developing Adaptation Strategies.18 III. SECTOR-SPECIFIC ADAPTATION STRATEGIES.23 A. Forests.23 Climate Change Impacts and Vulnerability Assessment Approaches.23 Potential Adaptation Strategies.24 Case study Rogue River Basin Southwest Oregon.28 B. Grasslands and Shrublands.30 Climate Change Impacts and Vulnerability Assessment Approaches.30 Potential Adaptation Strategies.31 Case Study Idaho Sage-grouse Conservation Plan.35 C. Rivers Streams and Floodplains.36 Climate Change Impacts and Vulnerability Assessment Approaches.36 Potential Adaptation Strategies.37 Case Study Town Brook Restoration Project Massachusetts.43 D. Coasts and Estuaries.44 Climate Change Impacts and Vulnerability Assessment Approaches.44 Potential Adaptation Strategies.46 Case study Albemarle-Pamlico Region North Carolina.52 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.53 LITERATURE REVIEWED. 54 2 A New Era for Conservation Review of Climate Change Adaptation Literature .