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Otomycosis-clinical and mycological spectrum

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Otomycosis is an external ear canal infection caused by various fungi. The aim of this study was to identify the fungal agents, predisposing factors and characteristics of patients. Between June 2018 to December 2018, 66 patients with clinical suspicion of otomycosis were enrolled and the samples from their external ear were examined for any mycological infection. Otomycosis was confirmed after mycological diagnosis in 60 of clinically suspected patients. Otomycosis was found to be more common among females (38) and majority in the age-group 30-40 years (34.84%). Pruritis was the most commonly presenting symptom seen in 57.5% of the otomycotic patients. Self cleansing was found to be predominating predisposing factor for Otomycosis (50%), followed by Instillation of coconut oil (13.63%). Aspergillus niger 29(43.93%) was the predominant species isolated, second most common species isolated was Aspergillus flavus 20(30.3%), Aspergillus fumigatus 5(7.57%), Candida species 3(4.54%), Penicillium species 2(3.03%) and Mucor 1(1.51%) were other species isolated. Clinical suspicion of otomycosis is important to prevent unnecessary use of antibiotics. The present study highlights the practice of self cleaning and using home remedies and eardrops to get relief from sensation of blocked ear and itching which are the predominant risk factors for otomycosis.