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Antiretroviral therapy that includes, protease inhibitors - Induced hepatotoxicity: A review

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a retro virus known to be the primary aetiological agent of Acquired Immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). It is reported that about 39 million people globally are living with HIV. HIV infected patients are frequently present with elevated levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). This has been often attributed to the hepatic effects of Antiretroviral- Protease Inhibitor drugs (PI’s). A review of cohort studies investigating the incidence of hepatotoxicity among patients receiving Antiretroviral- Protease inhibitor drugs suggests that the overall rate of ALT and AST elevations is similar among all Protease inhibitor drugs and considering the importance of drug induced hepatotoxicity as major cause of liver damage, this review also throws light on protease inhibitor drugs which induce hepatotoxicity, with their mechanism of liver damage and clinical scenario. | Antiretroviral therapy that includes protease inhibitors - Induced hepatotoxicity A review