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Porous scaffolds for bone regeneration

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The osteogenic capability of the scaffold is influenced by the interconnections between the scaffold pores which facilitate cell distribution, integration with the host tissue and capillary ingrowth. Hence, the preparation of bone scaffolds with applicable pore size and interconnectivity is a significant issue in bone tissue engineering | Journal of Science Advanced Materials and Devices 5 2020 1e9 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Science Advanced Materials and Devices journal homepage www.elsevier.com locate jsamd Review Article Porous scaffolds for bone regeneration Naghmeh Abbasi a b Stephen Hamlet a b Robert M. Love a Nam-Trung Nguyen c a School of Dentistry and Oral Health Griffith University Gold Coast Campus Southport Queensland 4215 Australia b Menzies Health Institute Queensland Griffith University Gold Coast Campus Southport Queensland 4215 Australia c Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre Griffith University Nathan Campus 170 Kessels Road Queensland 4111 Brisbane Australia a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history Globally bone fractures due to osteoporosis occur every 20 s in people aged over 50 years. The significant Received 26 November 2019 healthcare costs required to manage this problem are further exacerbated by the long healing times Received in revised form experienced with current treatment practices. Novel treatment approaches such as tissue engineering is 30 January 2020 using biomaterial scaffolds to stimulate and guide the regeneration of damaged tissue that cannot heal Accepted 30 January 2020 Available online 7 February 2020 spontaneously. Scaffolds provide a three-dimensional network that mimics the extra cellular micro- environment supporting the viability attachment growth and migration of cells whilst maintaining the structure of the regenerated tissue in vivo. Keywords Pore size The osteogenic capability of the scaffold is influenced by the interconnections between the scaffold pores Pore geometry which facilitate cell distribution integration with the host tissue and capillary ingrowth. Hence the prep- Porosity aration of bone scaffolds with applicable pore size and interconnectivity is a significant issue in bone tissue Tissue engineering engineering. To be effective however in vivo the scaffold must also cope with the requirements .