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Đặc điểm của dị vật đường thở ở trẻ em tại Bệnh viện Nhi Trung ương

Bài viết mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng và X-quang ngực của trẻ bị dị vật đường thở và nhận xét vị trí trong đường thở và bản chất của dị vật. Nghiên cứu mô tả hồi cứu được tiến hành trên 77 trẻ điều trị tại Bệnh viện Nhi Trung ương được nội soi phế quản có dị vật đường thở từ tháng 6/2017 - 6/2019. | Journal of Pediatric Research and Practice Vol. 5 No. 3 2021 25-31 Research Paper Clinical Features of Airway Foreign Bodies in Children at the Vietnam National Children s Hospital Le Thanh Chuong1 Dao Minh Tuan1 Nguyen Thi Thu Nga1 Tran Thu Huyen1 Nguyen Ngoc Van1 Ngo Thi Loan1 Vu Ngoc Thanh1 Dang Thi Kim Thanh1 Nguyen Minh Phuong1 1 Vietnam National Children s Hospital 18 879 La Thanh Dong Da Hanoi Vietnam Received 1 March 2021 Revised 31 March 2021 Accepted 2 April 2021 Abstract Objectives To describe the clinical features and chest x-ray images of foreign body aspiration FBA in children and to determine positions and materials of the foreign bodies in the airway. Methods A retrospective description study was carried out on 77 children with airway foreign bodies removed by bronchoscopy at the Vietnam National Children s Hospital from June 2017 to June 2019. Results A total of 77 bronchoscopies for FBA suspicion were performed in 2 years. The majority of patients were male 75.3 and had age under 3 years old 71 4 . The history of foreign object exposure was 84.4 and penetration syndrome was 79.2 dyspnea and respiratory failure accounted for 33.8 of hospitalized children 44.1 of patients had decreased breath sounds in one side of the lung. Chest X-ray opaque foreign body was 15.6 localized emphysema was 15.6 segmental or lobar collapse was 37 . The most common complication of FBA was pneumonia 44.1 . Foreign objects location larynx 6.5 trachea 22.1 and bronchus 71.4 . The major material of FBA was plant nature accounted for 70.1 . Conclusion FBA are common in males under 3 years old. The history of foreign body exposure and penetration syndrome is frequency. The common symptoms are dyspnea and respiratory failure. Pneumonia due to FBA is accounted for a high proportion. Suggestions of chest X-ray signs are atelectasis emphysema and opaque. The foreign bodies are often located in the bronchus and their materials are often from plant nature. Keywords foreign body .