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Treatment of industrial contaminants with zero-valent iron- and zero-valent aluminiumactivated persulfate: A case study with 3,5-dichlorophenol and 2,4-dichloroaniline

Zero-valent iron (ZVI)- and zero-valent aluminium (ZVA)-activated persulfate (PS) oxidation procedure was applied to remove the industrial pollutants 3,5-dichlorophenol (3,5-DCP; 12.27 µM) and 2,4-dichloroaniline (2,4-DCA; 12.34 µM) from aqueous solutions. The effects of PS concentration and pH were investigated to optimize heterogeneous treatment systems. Negligible removals were obtained for both pollutants by individual applications of nanoparticles (1 g/L) and PS (1.00 mM). PS activation with ZVI resulted in 59% (1.00 mM PS; 1 g/L ZVI; pH 5.0; 120 min) and 100% (0.75 mM PS; 1 g/L ZVI; pH 5.0; 80 min) 3,5-DCP and 2,4-DCA removals, respectively. | Turkish Journal of Chemistry Turk J Chem 2021 45 269-281 http journals.tubitak.gov.tr chem TÜBİTAK Research Article doi 10.3906 kim-1911-60 Treatment of industrial contaminants with zero-valent iron- and zero-valent aluminium- activated persulfate a case study with 3 5-dichlorophenol and 2 4-dichloroaniline Olga KOBA UCUN Bahareh MONTAZERI İdil ARSLAN ALATON Tuğba ÖLMEZ HANCI Department of Environmental Engineering School of Civil Engineering İstanbul Technical University İstanbul Turkey Received 27.11.2019 Accepted Published Online 03.01.2021 Final Version 28.04.2021 Abstract Zero-valent iron ZVI - and zero-valent aluminium ZVA -activated persulfate PS oxidation procedure was applied to remove the industrial pollutants 3 5-dichlorophenol 3 5-DCP 12.27 µM and 2 4-dichloroaniline 2 4-DCA 12.34 µM from aqueous solutions. The effects of PS concentration and pH were investigated to optimize heterogeneous treatment systems. Negligible removals were obtained for both pollutants by individual applications of nanoparticles 1 g L and PS 1.00 mM . PS activation with ZVI resulted in 59 1.00 mM PS 1 g L ZVI pH 5.0 120 min and 100 0.75 mM PS 1 g L ZVI pH 5.0 80 min 3 5-DCP and 2 4-DCA removals respectively. The ZVA PS treatment system gave rise to only 31 3 5-DCP 1.00 mM PS 1 g L ZVA pH 3.0 120 min and 47 2 4- DCA 0.25 mM PS 1 g L ZVA pH 3.0 120 min removals. The pH decreases from 5.0 to 3.0 and from 3.0 to 1.5 enhanced contaminant removals for ZVI PS and ZVA PS treatments respectively. Pollutant removal rates were in correlation with the consumption rates of the oxidants. Metal ion Al Fe release increased in the presence of PS and with decreasing pH. Key words 3 5-dichlorophenol 2 4-dichloroaniline advanced oxidation sulfate radicals persulfate activation with zero-valent metals 1. Introduction Chlorophenols CPs and chloroanilines CAs are persistent organic pollutants formed during different industrial processes. CPs mostly originate from the pulp paper industry wood .