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Efficiency enhancement with chloride to iodide ion exchange of benzimidazolium salt as

The new benzimidazolium derivative (SM-1) salt with ion exchange from the (SM-0)was fabricated and characterized by protonnuclear magnetic resonance (1 H-NMR), carbon-nuclear magnetic resonance (13C-NMR), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), electrospray ionization (EIS-MS), thermal analysis (TG), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), for electrolytes (liquid or dried) in the DSSC charge transportation mechanism. Also, the influence of ion exchange from chloride to iodine in the synthesized electrolytes, compared to other electrolytes (conventional or commercial), was investigated about DSSC performance efficiency. | Turkish Journal of Chemistry Turk J Chem 2021 45 333-341 http journals.tubitak.gov.tr chem TÜBİTAK Research Article doi 10.3906 kim-2006-25 Efficiency enhancement with chloride to iodide ion exchange of benzimidazolium salt as a redox mediator 1 2 2 3 Serkan DAYAN Mert Olgun KARATAŞ Bülent ALICI Nilgün KALAYCIOĞLU ÖZPOZAN 1 Drug Application and Research Center Erciyes University Kayseri Turkey 2 Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science İnönü University Malatya Turkey 3 Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Erciyes University Kayseri Turkey Received 12.06.2020 Accepted Published Online 08.12.2020 Final Version 28.04.2021 Abstract The new benzimidazolium derivative SM-1 salt with ion exchange from the SM-0 was fabricated and characterized by proton- nuclear magnetic resonance 1H-NMR carbon-nuclear magnetic resonance 13C-NMR Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy FT- IR electrospray ionization EIS-MS thermal analysis TG cyclic voltammetry CV and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy UV-vis for electrolytes liquid or dried in the DSSC charge transportation mechanism. Also the influence of ion exchange from chloride to iodine in the synthesized electrolytes compared to other electrolytes conventional or commercial was investigated about DSSC performance efficiency. When using as a liquid electrolyte SM-1 the power conversion efficiency ƞ of the working DSSC device was recorded as 1.980 and it was observed that the performances of DSSCs increased up to 56 when comparing dried electrolyte for SM-1 without conventional redox material I I3 . In the future different molecular modifications of this type of benzimidazole derivatives or mixtures with conventional redox couples may further improve the performance of DSSC devices. Key words Benzimidazole DSSC photovoltaics dye-sensitized solar cell 1. Introduction Dye-sensitized solar cells DSSCs which consist of photoanode photoactive paint electrolyte and counter electrode main materials are called the new generation and .