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Phytotoxicity of euphorbia helioscopia L. on Triticum aestivum L. and Pisum sativum L

The present work was conducted to evaluate the phytotoxicity of Euphorbia helioscopia on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and pea (Pisum sativum L.). The influence of aqueous extract from shoot of E. helioscopia, at different rates (1.0%, 2.5%, 5.0%, and 10.0%; w/v). | Annals of Agricultural Science 2015 60 1 141 151 H O S T E D BY Faculty of Agriculture Ain Shams University Annals of Agricultural Science www.elsevier.com locate aoas Phytotoxicity of Euphorbia helioscopia L. on Triticum aestivum L. and Pisum sativum L. Mahmoud M.Y. Madany Ahmed M. Saleh Department of Botany and Microbiology Faculty of Science Cairo University Giza 12613 Egypt Received 28 March 2015 accepted 28 April 2015 Available online 3 June 2015 KEYWORDS Abstract Invasive field weeds such as Euphorbia sp. represent main threat for crop productivity. Euphorbia helioscopia The present work was conducted to evaluate the phytotoxicity of Euphorbia helioscopia on wheat Phenolic acids Triticum aestivum L. and pea Pisum sativum L. . The influence of aqueous extract from shoot Triticum aestivum of E. helioscopia at different rates 1.0 2.5 5.0 and 10.0 w v on germination and early Pisum sativum seedling growth of wheat and pea as well as some of the synchronized physiological aspects was Soluble sugars investigated. E. helioscopia aqueous extract severely affected the germination in a concentration Proline dependent manner. Plumule and radicle length as well as their fresh and dry masses were markedly Peroxidase reduced. Moreover amylase activity and total soluble sugars were significantly reduced in response to treatment with aqueous Euphorbia extract in both test plants whereas proteolytic activity showed marked improvement. The linear regression analysis revealed the presence of positive linear correlation between germination rate and amylase activity. The stress markers such as proline phe- nolics and flavonoids were markedly accumulated upon treatment with E. helioscopia extract. The increment in the level of total phenolics was concomitant with an improvement in phenylalanine ammonia lyase and peroxidase activities. High performance liquid chromatography analysis of E. helioscopia extract revealed the presence of two cinnamic acid derivatives caffeic and p-coumaric