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High expression of S100A2 predicts poor prognosis in patients with endometrial carcinoma

S100A2, a member of the S100 protein family, is abnormally expressed and plays a vital role in multiple cancers. However, little is known about the clinical significance of S100A2 in endometrial carcinoma. Methods: Clinicopathological data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC). | Zhang et al. BMC Cancer 2022 22 77 https doi.org 10.1186 s12885-022-09180-5 RESEARCH Open Access High expression of S100A2 predicts poor prognosis in patients with endometrial carcinoma Qinzhen Zhang1 Tianxiang Xia2 Chenxiang Qi2 Jun Du2 and Chunping Ye3 Abstract Background S100A2 a member of the S100 protein family is abnormally expressed and plays a vital role in multiple cancers. However little is known about the clinical significance of S100A2 in endometrial carcinoma. Methods Clinicopathological data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas TCGA Genotype-Tissue Expres- sion GTEx Gene Expression Omnibus GEO and Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium CPTAC . First the expression and prognostic value of different S100 family members in endometrial carcinoma were evaluated. Sub- sequently the Kaplan Meier plotter and Cox regression analysis were used to assess the prognostic significance of S100A2 while the association between S100A2 expression and clinical characteristics in endometrial carcinoma was also analyzed using logistic regression. A receiver operating characteristic ROC curve and a nomogram were constructed. The putative underlying cellular mechanisms were explored using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes KEGG pathway enrichment analysis and gene set enrichment analysis GSEA . Results Our results revealed that S100A2 expression was significantly higher in endometrial carcinoma tissue than in non-cancerous tissue at both the mRNA and protein levels. Analysis of Kaplan Meier plotter data revealed that patients with high S100A2 expression had shorter overall survival OS and disease specific survival DSS compared with those of patients with low S100A2 expression. Multivariate Cox analysis further confirmed that high S100A2 expression was an independent risk factor for OS in patients with endometrial carcinoma. Other clinicopathologic fea- tures found to be related to worse prognosis in endometrial carcinoma included age clinical stage .