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Eco-safe chemicothermal conversion of industrial graphite waste to exfoliated graphene and evaluation as engineered adsorbent to remove toxic textile dyes

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The success of converting graphite waste to an engineered dye adsorbent couples the advantages of converting industrial waste to a beneficial product and removal of toxic dyes thus achieving the circular economy and sustainable development in industrial practices. | Environmental Advances 4 2021 100072 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Environmental Advances journal homepage www.sciencedirect.com journal environmental-advances Eco-safe chemicothermal conversion of industrial graphite waste to exfoliated graphene and evaluation as engineered adsorbent to remove toxic textile dyes Selvaraj Ambika a Valasani Srilekha b a Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad India 502285 b National Institute of Technology Warangal India A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T R A C T Keywords Industrial graphite becomes waste after its use and dumping of such graphite waste leads to environmental Industrial graphite waste to the beneficial damage and health risks thus needs alternative measures. This study is the first of its kind to convert industrial product graphite to exfoliated graphene EG and using EG as an adsorbent. The used conversion method is chem Exfoliated graphene icothermal which is greener and competent. The resultant EG was micro-analyzed for its application as an Textile dye adsorption Chemicothermal conversion engineered adsorbent. The adsorption capacity of EG is tested for the removal of five toxic dyes from aqueous Alternate to activated carbon solution namely royal blue RB turquoise blue TB black supra BS navy blue NB and deep red DR for various environmental conditions. The order of adsorption at equilibrium was found to follow DR gt TB gt BS gt NB gt RB at circum-neutral pH in the range of 5 - 25 mg L of dye having 0.2 gm of EG. The notable adsorption capacity of dye onto EG can be credited to the various interface mechanisms which were studied using kinetic and thermodynamic models. The reusability studies recommend EG as the alternate adsorbent against com mercial activated carbon which holds a huge carbon and water footprint. These results suggest that the appli cability of potential EG adsorbent can be extended to the removal of organic pollutants in water and .