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Oxygen vacancies on Pd/TiO2 are detected at low pressures by ESR spectroscopy at ambient temperatures

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A low field benchtop electron spin resonance (ESR) (also referred to as electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR)) spectrometer is used to reveal paramagnetic centres such as oxygen vacancies and Ti+3 centres over 0.5%Pd/TiO2 . The measurement was performed at room temperature after the sample was reduced in situ under mild hydrogen pressures and evacuated to P |