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The grammar of the english verb phrase part 71

We introduce those concepts necessary to describe the way in which tenses are used to locate situa¬tions in time relative to speech time and to each other, for example the concept of 'situation time', and the concept of 'orientation time' | II. Temporal relations in a pre-present domain 483 For a couple of days it s been public knowledge that the general manager is going to Peru at the end of the month. The fear has been that the introduction of the passes will further dissuade French film-goers from going to small cinemas. www 9.12 Temporal subordination after a continuative perfect It was noted in 9.11.1 that a pre-present domain established by a continuative perfect cannot normally be expanded as if it were a past domain because the full situation is taken to include t0. If a new clause is to be temporally subordinated to such a clause the T-relation expressed by the tense form of the new clause must normally start from t0. This is because t0 is the most basic time in the tense system and because it is difficult for the speaker to be concerned at the same time with the present part of the full situation and a part of it which is treated as over. Expanding a pre-present domain as if it were a past one implies that the speaker treats the binding time as completely over. Still we have found some examples that form an exception to this rule. It is typical of them that the head clause situation is each time a repetitive hypersituation consisting of a number of subsituations and gaps between them I ve been told from childhood that I was a bastard. continuative interpretation of the head clause no instance of telling need include t0 what actualizes at t0 may be a gap For years now Tunica County officials have been saying they would provide amenities to make Tunica a destination rather than just a weekend getaway. www They have been saying they would tear all this trash down for almost ten years. I will be happy when it finally disappears. www In these examples the fact that nearly all the subsituations of the continuative hypersituation precede t0 apparently renders it possible to treat the hypersituation as if it were a past situation. There are also examples with have known in the head clause in which .