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Encyclopedia of World CulturesVolume I - NORTH AMERICA - J

Tự điển chuyên ngành nông nghiệp thế giới Vol1 - Bắc Mỹ - Vần J | 168 Jews Jews ETHNONYMS Ashkenazim Hebrews Sephardim Orientation Identification. The Jews of North America are a relatively assimilated ethnic group in the United States and Canada. The name Jew is an Anglicized version of the Hebrew word yehudi meaning Hebrew the language of the kingdom of Judah and originally referred to the members of the tribe of Judah one of twelve tribes of Israel in the Middle East about four thousand years ago. Jewish self-identity rests on a number of factors including a unique set of religious beliefs and practices ancestry from Jewish peoples a shared understanding of the Holocaust and a belief in Israel as the Jewish homeland. Location. Jews in North America live primarily in cities or adjacent suburbs. Although urban Jewish ghettos no longer exist a pattern of residential isolation persists with many city neighborhoods or suburban communities defined as Jewish because of the large number of Jews who reside there and the Jewish institutions such as synagogues community centers and kosher food stores located there. Sixty percent of Jews live on the East Coast of the United States and about 20 percent on the West Coast with relatively few save those in major cities in the South and Midwest. In Canada the same pattern holds with two-thirds of the Jewish population living in or near Toronto or Montreal. Demography. In 1986 the Jewish population in North America was about 6.3 million with 5.9 million in the United States and 305 000 in Canada. Thus North American Jews constitute about 43 percent of the 14.5 million Jews in the world. By way of comparison in Europe there are 4.1 million Jews in Asia 3.3 million in South America 600 000 in Africa 159 000 and in Oceania 72 000. The United States has the largest Jewish population in the world and Canada the seventh largest. In North America the majority of Jews live in twelve large cities with 1.9 million in the metropolitan New York City region over 30 percent of U.S. Jews 500 000 in Los .