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An Encyclopedia of the History of Technology part 52

An Encyclopedia of the History of Technology part 52. This one of a kind encyclopedia presents the entire field of technology from rudimentary agricultural tools to communication satellites in this first of its kind reference source. Following an introduction that discusses basic tools, devices, and mechanisms, the chapters are grouped into five parts that provide detailed information on materials, power and engineering, transportation, communication and calculation, and technology and society, revealing how different technologies have together evolved to produce enormous changes in the course of history | PART THREE TRANSPORT Groningen province and Friesland to link Groningen and Lemmar on the Ijsselmeer and this has been enlarged for 1350 tonne barges and 400 tonne coasting vessels. It is known as the Van Starkenborgh Canal in Groningen and the Prinses Margriet Canal in Friesland. The Eemskanaal constructed in 1866-76 from Groningen eastward to Delfzijl on the Ems estuary has also been enlarged. A westward branch from Suawoude near Leeuwarden the Van Harinxma Canal to Harlingen facing Terschelling has also been built. In this group too is the Winschoter Diep running eastward from Groningen to the German border. These major waterways supplement the many minor ones. Following the Treaty of Vienna in 1815 what is now Belgium the Netherlands and Luxembourg were united under William I of the Netherlands. He recognized the importance of water transport and one proposal of significance was to link the Meuse and the Moselle so that the long tedious journey via the Rhine could be avoided. This was to be accomplished by linking the Ourthe which as a tributary of the Meuse meeting it at Liège was navigable to Barvaux at that time the limit of navigation across Luxembourg to join the Sure near Diekirch and thence via Echternach into the Moselle almost opposite its confluence with the Saar. Work started in 1826 and some excavation including the beginning of the Bernistap tunnel was carried out before the Belgian Revolution occurred in 1830. Work then ceased Belgium now a separate country was at the time financially unable to continue the work and it was never resumed. Rather more successful was the Ghent-Terneuzen Canal which superseded an earlier small canal giving Ghent access to the sea via the Schelde in 1827. Terneuzen on the Schelde became Dutch after 1830 while Ghent remained in Belgium but the canal served Ghent well being reconstructed in the 1870s and again in 1910 in 1968 its capacity was increased to take ships of 60 000 tonnes. The major development in recent canal