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Guidelines onRenal Transplant

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Tham khảo sách 'guidelines onrenal transplant', khoa học xã hội, thư viện thông tin phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Guidelines on Renal Transplantation T. Kalble A. Alcaraz K. Budde U. Humke G. Karam M. Lucan G. Nicita C. Susal European Association of Urology 2009 European Association of Urology TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE 1. INTRODUCTION 6 1.1 Reference 6 2. KIDNEY DONATION 7 2.1 Ethical issues in transplantation 7 2.1.1 Primary ethical principles 7 2.1.1.1 Beneficence doing good avoiding harm autonomy fairness 7 2.1.2 Deceased donor organ donation 7 2.1.2.1 Deceased organ donor 7 2.1.2.2 Allocation of deceased donor organs 7 2.1.3 Living-organ donors 7 2.1.4 References 8 2.2 Policies to increase the supply and use of deceased donors 8 2.2.1 Donor cards 9 2.2.2 Improved organisation and resources 10 2.2.3 Opting-out legislation 10 2.2.4 Non-heart-beating donor NHBD 10 2.2.5 Elderly donors 11 2.2.6 References 11 2.3 Policies to enhance living donation 11 2.3.1 Medical methods to increase the number of living donations 12 2.3.1.1 Acceptance of grafts with anatomical anomalies 12 2.3.1.2 Laparoscopic living-donor nephrectomy LLDN 13 2.3.1.3 References 13 2.3.1.4 ABO-incompatible donors 14 2.3.1.5 Cross-match-positive living-donor kidney transplants 15 2.3.1.6 Living unrelated kidney donation 15 2.3.1.7 Non-directed living-donor transplantation 15 2.3.1.8 Payment to living donors from a central organisation 15 2.3.1.9 References 15 2.3.2 Ethical ways of showing appreciation for organ donation 17 2.3.2.1 Donor medal of honour 17 2.3.3 Organisational ways to encourage organ donation 17 2.3.3.1 Cross-over transplantation or paired kidney exchange 17 2.3.3.2 Medical leave for organ donation 17 2.3.4 References 18 2.4 Kidney donor selection and refusal criteria 18 2.4.1 Introduction 18 2.4.2 Infections 18 2.4.3 Special exceptions for infections 19 2.4.4 Malignant tumours 19 2.4.5 Special exceptions for malignant tumours 19 2.4.6 Vascular conditions and renal function 19 2.4.7 Marginal donors 20 2.4.8 One graft or two grafts per recipient 20 2.4.9 References 20 2.5 Explantation technique 22 .