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ENERGY MANAGEMENT HANDBOOKS phần 8

Họ là tất cả các thuật ngữ đang được sử dụng như khách hàng, các tiện ích và các nhà cung cấp dịch vụ năng lượng mới trở nên thành thạo trong việc làm kinh doanh của tiện ích bãi bỏ quy định. Thêm vào đó tình trạng thiếu năng lượng California và cán mất điện, cúp Đông Bắc và Trung Tây năm 2003, | Chapter 24 Utility Deregulation and Energy System Outsourcing GEORGE R. OWENS P.E. C.E.M. Energy and Engineering Solutions Inc. 24.0 INTRODUCTION Utility Deregulation Customer Choice Unbundled Rates Re-regulation Universal Service Charge Off Tariff Gas Stranded Costs Competitive Transition Charge CPC Caps and Floors Load Profiles and on and on are the new energy buzzwords. They are all the jargon are being used as customers utilities and the new energy service suppliers become proficient in doing the business of utility deregulation. Add to that the California energy shortages and rolling blackouts the Northeast and Midwest outages of 2003 scandal rising energy prices loss of price protection in deregulated states and you can see why utility deregulation is increasingly on the mind of utility customers throughout the United States and abroad. With individual state actions on deregulating natural gas in the late 80 s and then the passage of the Energy Policy Act EPACT of 1992 the process of deregulating the gas and electric industry was begun. Because of this historic change toward a competitive arena the utilities their customers and the new energy service providers have begun to reexamine their relationships. How will utility customers each with varying degrees of sophistication choose their suppliers of these services Who will supply them What will it cost How will it impact comfort production tenants and occupants How will the successful new players bring forward the right product to the marketplace to stay profitable And how will more and better energy purchases improve the bottom line This chapter reviews the historic relationships between utilities their customers and the new energy service providers and the tremendous possibilities for doing business in new and different ways. The following figure portrays how power is generated and how it is ultimately delivered to the end customer. 1. Generator - Undergoing deregulation 2. Generator Substation - See 1 The