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Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: " An overview of ecology and silviculture of indigenous oaks in France"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về lâm nghiệp được đăng trên tạp chí lâm nghiệp quốc tế, đề tài:" An overview of ecology and silviculture of indigenous oaks in France. | Ann Sci For 1996 53 649-661 Elsevier INRA 649 Original article An overview of ecology and silviculture of indigenous oaks in France J Timbal1 G Aussenac 2 1 Station de recherche forestlere Inra domaine de Hermitage Pierroton 33610 Cestas 2 Unite d ecophysiologie forestiere Centre de Nancy Inra 54280 Champenoux France Received 11 January 1995 accepted 20 February 1996 Summary There are nine species of oaks in French forests Quercus petraea Q robur Q pubescens Q pyrenaica Q ilex Q rubra Q sober Q coccifera and Q cerris. Among them five are of major economic and ecological importance either because of the quality and value of their wood or because of their geographic extension or both. Two of these species are widespread in the hills and plains of the Atlantic and of the mid-European domains Q petraea sessile oak and Q robur pedunculate oak . Four are present in the Mediterranean region Qpubescens pubescent oak Q ex holm oak Q suber cork oak and Q coccifera kermes oak . Pubescent oak is also present in the Atlantic and midEuropean regions provided the local soil and climate conditions are favorable. The last species is of very limited extent and will not be considered further in this review. First we will analyze the distributions of these species in France as they result from the vegetation dynamics in Europe and the long-lasting action of man. Second their synecology will be described based on the empirical knowledge accumulated by botanists and phytoecologists. We will then describe the vegetation series to which they are related. We will next consider the results of ecophysiologal studies of the species carried out in many laboratories in France and in other European countries. Finally we will review the sylvicultural practices applied to oak forests their productivity under different local conditions and the diverse products they yield. France oak Quercus I taxonomy ecology I ecophysiology sylviculture Resume Essai de synthèse sur I ecologie et la sylviculture .