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Báo cáo y học: "Patch Testing in Non-Immediate Drug Eruptions"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học General Psychiatry cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: Patch Testing in Non-Immediate Drug Eruptions. | ORIGINAL ARTICLE Patch Testing in Non-Immediate Drug Eruptions Antonino Romano MD Marinella Viola MD Francesco Gaeta MD Gabriele Rumi MD and Michela Maggioletti MD The present review addresses the literature regarding the sensitivity and specificity of the various diagnostic methods for evaluating non-immediate ie occurring more than 1 hour after drug administration hypersensitivity reactions associated with p-lactams and other antibiotics anticonvulsants heparins iodinated contrast media etc. Such reactions include several clinical entities which range from mild reactions such as maculopapular rash and delayed-appearing urticaria to severe ones such as acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis AGEP Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis TEN . Clinical and laboratory studies indicate that a cell-mediated pathogenic mechanism is often involved in maculopapular rashes. However this mechanism has also been demonstrated in other non-immediate reactions such as urticarial and or angioedematous manifestations TEN bullous exanthems and AGEP. Patch tests together with delayed-reading intradermal tests lymphocyte transformation tests and challenges are useful tools for evaluating non-immediate drug eruptions. Patch tests can be performed with any form of commercial drugs and are safer than intradermal tests. However patch tests are less sensitive than intradermal tests and their sensitivity may vary depending on the vehicle used. Key words delayed-reading intradermal tests non-immediate reactions patch tests in recent years increasing attention has been paid to non-immediate ie occurring more than 1 hour after drug administration 1 hypersensitivity reactions to systemically administered drugs. The main non-immediate reactions are maculopapular rashes and delayed-appearing urticaria. In addition drugs can elicit exfoliative dermatitis acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis AGEP more severe bullous exanthems such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome SJS and toxic