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Báo cáo y học: "Semen-mediated enhancement of HIV infection is donor-dependent and correlates with the levels of SEVI"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học 'Respiratory Research cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: Semen-mediated enhancement of HIV infection is donor-dependent and correlates with the levels of SEVI. | Kim et al. Retrovirology 2010 7 55 http www.retrovirology.eom content 7 1 55 gtr RETR0VIR0L0GY RESEARCH Open Access Semen-mediated enhancement of HIV infection is donor-dependent and correlates with the levels of SEVI Kyeong-Ae Kim41 Maral Yolamanova41 Onofrio Zirafi1 Nadia R Roan2 Ludger Staendker3 Wolf-Georg Forssmann3 4 Adam Burgener5 Nathalie Dejucq-Rainsford6 Beatrice H Hahn7 George M Shaw7 Warner C Greene2 Frank Kirchhoff 1 and Jan Munch 1 Abstract Background HIV-1 is usually transmitted in the presence of semen. We have shown that semen boosts HIV-1 infection and contains fragments of prostatic acid phosphatase PAP forming amyloid aggregates termed SEVI semen-derived enhancer of viral infection that promote virion attachment to target cells. Despite its importance for the global spread of HIV-1 however the effect of semen on virus infection is controversial. Results Here we established methods allowing the meaningful analysis of semen by minimizing its cytotoxic effects and partly recapitulating the conditions encountered during sexual HIV-1 transmission. We show that semen rapidly and effectively enhances the infectivity of HIV-1 HIV-2 and SIV. This enhancement occurs independently of the viral genotype and coreceptor tropism as well as the virus producer and target cell type. Semen-mediated enhancement of HIV-1 infection was also observed under acidic pH conditions and in the presence of vaginal fluid. We further show that the potency of semen in boosting HIV-1 infection is donor dependent and correlates with the levels of SEVI. Conclusions Our results show that semen strongly enhances the infectivity of HIV-1 and other primate lentiviruses and that SEVI contributes to this effect. Thus SEVI may play an important role in the sexual transmission of HIV-1 and addition of SEVI inhibitors to microbicides may improve their efficacy. Background Since its introduction into the human population in the first half of the 20th century by zoonotic transmission of .