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Báo cáo y học: "Distinct roles of CD4+ T cell subpopulations in retroviral immunity: lessons from the Friend virus mouse model"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học Respiratory Research cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: Distinct roles of CD4+ T cell subpopulations in retroviral immunity: lessons from the Friend virus mouse model. | Nair et al. Retrovirology 2011 8 76 http www.retrovirology.eom content 8 1 76 RETR0VIR0L0GY REVIEW Open Access Distinct roles of CD4 T cell subpopulations in retroviral immunity lessons from the Friend virus mouse model l I I r1 4 A ỉ L ỉscs D - i r 1 A A I r I z I l I I v 3 l r r ỉ r 3 w I I_I r l ri -I2f I IIP r M m r 1 2 f Sdvild Ndir vvibKe Bdyer MiCKdei JY Ploquin George Kdssioiis Mm J HdsenKrug ano Ulf Dittmer Abstract It is well estdblished thdt CD4 T cells pldy dn important role in immunity to infections with retroviruses such ds HIV. However in recent yedrs CD4 T cells hdve been subdivided into several distinct populdtions thdt dre differentidlly reguldted dnd perform widely vdrying functions. Thus it is importdnt to delinedte the sepdrdte roles of these subsets which range from direct dntivirdl dctivities to potent immunosuppression. In this review we discuss contributions from the mdjor CD4 T cell subpopuldtions to retroviral immunity. Funddmentdl concepts obtdined from studies on numerous virdl infections dre presented dlong with d more derailed dndlysis of studies on murine Friend virus. The relevdnce of these studies to HIV immunology dnd immunotherapy is reviewed. Introduction CD4 T lymphocytes are a specialized subpopulation of T cells that recognize antigenic peptides in the context of MHC class II molecules. Historically CD4 T cells have been regarded as helper T Th cells since CD4 T-cell help is required for both the induction of neutralizing antibodies by mature B cells and for the maintenance of effective cytotoxic T cell CTL responses. In the mid-1980s functional attributes were discovered that allowed CD4 T cells to be subdivided into dichotomous subpopulations of Th1 and Th2 cells 1 . Th1 cells are defined by their property to produce IFNg TNFa and IL-2 cytokines and play critical roles in antitumor immunity 2 and immune responses to many virus infections including lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus LCMV 3 influenza virus 4 vesicular .